详解纯css实现瀑布流（multi-column多列及flex布局）

网页制作 2024/11/18 佚名

3 2 1

瀑布流的布局自我感觉还是很吸引人的，最近又看到实现瀑布流这个做法，在这里记录下，特别的，感觉flex布局实现瀑布流还是有点懵的样子，不过现在就可以明白它的原理了

1.multi-column多列布局实现瀑布流

先简单的讲下multi-column相关的部分属性

column-count设置列数column-gap设置列与列之间的间距column-width设置每列的宽度

还要结合在子容器中设置break-inside防止多列布局，分页媒体和多区域上下文中的意外中断

break-inside属性值

auto 指定既不强制也不禁止元素内的页/列中断。
avoid 指定避免元素内的分页符。
avoid-page 指定避免元素内的分页符。
avoid-column 指定避免元素内的列中断。
avoid-region 指定避免元素内的区域中断。

截取了部分，可自己填充

/* html文件 */
<!-- 使用multi-columns实现瀑布流 -->
<div id="root">
    <div class="item">
        <img class="itemImg" src="../images/1.jpeg" alt=""/>
        <div class="userInfo">
            <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>
            <span class="username">牵起你的左手护着你</span>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="item">
        <img class="itemImg" src="../images/2.jpg" alt=""/>
        <div class="userInfo">
            <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>
            <span class="username">牵起你的左手护着你</span>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="item">
        <img class="itemImg" src="../images/3.jpg" alt=""/>
        <div class="userInfo">
            <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>
            <span class="username">牵起你的左手护着你</span>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="item">
        <img class="itemImg" src="../images/4.jpg" alt=""/>
        <div class="userInfo">
            <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>
            <span class="username">牵起你的左手护着你</span>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="item">
        <img class="itemImg" src="../images/5.jpeg" alt=""/>
        <div class="userInfo">
            <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>
            <span class="username">牵起你的左手护着你</span>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

/* css样式 */
body {
    background: #e5e5e5;
}
/* 瀑布流最外层 */
#root {
     margin: 0 auto;
     width: 1200px;
     column-count: 5;
     column-width: 240px;
     column-gap: 20px;
}
/* 每一列图片包含层 */
.item {
     margin-bottom: 10px;
     /* 防止多列布局，分页媒体和多区域上下文中的意外中断 */
     break-inside: avoid;
     background: #fff;
}
.item:hover {
     box-shadow: 2px 2px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .5);
}
/* 图片 */
.itemImg {
     width: 100%;
     vertical-align: middle;
}
/* 图片下的信息包含层 */
.userInfo {
     padding: 5px 10px;
}
.avatar {
     vertical-align: middle;
     width: 30px;
     height: 30px;
     border-radius: 50%;
}
.username {
     margin-left: 5px;
     text-shadow: 2px 2px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .3);
}

2.flex布局实现瀑布流将外层设置为row布局，然后再设置一个容器并设置为column布局，它是将列作为一个整体，然后在对列进行划分，在列里进行宽固定来实现的

/* html文件（只截取两列布局）*/
<div id="root">
    <div class="itemContainer">
        <div class="item">
            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/1.jpeg" alt=""/>
            <div class="userInfo">
                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>
                <span class="username">牵起你的左手护着你</span>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="item">
            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/2.jpg" alt=""/>
            <div class="userInfo">
                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>
                <span class="username">牵起你的左手护着你</span>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="item">
            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/3.jpg" alt=""/>
            <div class="userInfo">
                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>
                <span class="username">牵起你的左手护着你</span>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="item">
            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/4.jpg" alt=""/>
            <div class="userInfo">
                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>
                <span class="username">牵起你的左手护着你</span>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="item">
            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/5.jpeg" alt=""/>
            <div class="userInfo">
                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>
                <span class="username">牵起你的左手护着你</span>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="item">
            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/6.jpeg" alt=""/>
            <div class="userInfo">
                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>
                <span class="username">牵起你的左手护着你</span>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="item">
            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/7.jpeg" alt=""/>
            <div class="userInfo">
                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>
                <span class="username">牵起你的左手护着你</span>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="itemContainer">
        <div class="item">
            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/5.jpeg" alt=""/>
            <div class="userInfo">
                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>
                <span class="username">牵起你的左手护着你</span>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="item">
            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/7.jpeg" alt=""/>
            <div class="userInfo">
                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>
                <span class="username">牵起你的左手护着你</span>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="item">
            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/6.jpeg" alt=""/>
            <div class="userInfo">
                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>
                <span class="username">牵起你的左手护着你</span>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="item">
            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/5.jpeg" alt=""/>
            <div class="userInfo">
                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>
                <span class="username">牵起你的左手护着你</span>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="item">
            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/6.jpeg" alt=""/>
            <div class="userInfo">
                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>
                <span class="username">牵起你的左手护着你</span>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="item">
            <img class="itemImg" src="../images/6.jpeg" alt=""/>
            <div class="userInfo">
                <img class="avatar" src="../images/gift.png" alt=""/>
                <span class="username">牵起你的左手护着你</span>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

/* css文件 */
body{
   background: #e5e5e5;
}
#root{
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: row;
    margin: 0 auto;
    width: 1200px;
}
.itemContainer{
    margin-right: 10px;
    flex-direction: column;
    width: 240px;
}
.item{
   margin-bottom: 10px;
   background: #fff;
}
.itemImg{
   width: 100%;
}
.userInfo {
   padding: 5px 10px;
}
.avatar {
   vertical-align: middle;
   width: 30px;
   height: 30px;
   border-radius: 50%;
}
.username {
   margin-left: 5px;
   text-shadow: 2px 2px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .3);
}